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唐 Tang · 诗 Poem

赠钱征君少阳

The, Presented, to, the, Hermit, of, the, Qian, the, Shao, the, Yang

李白

Li Bai

赠答Theme 感慨Theme

白玉一杯酒，绿杨三月时。
春风余几日，两鬓各成丝。
秉烛唯须饮，投竿也未迟。
如逢渭水猎，犹可帝王师。

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Meaning

A poem of the drinking and the advice, written by Li Bai. The white jade a single cup of the wine, the green willows the time of the third month — the time of the opening. The spring wind the remaining the how many days, the two temples each becoming the threads of the silk — the age of the middle. And the close's if meeting the hunting of the Wei River, still can be the teacher of the emperor — the close's hope. The poem is the drinking and the advice: the wine, the age, and the close's hope.

白玉一杯酒，绿杨三月时。春风余几日，两鬓各成丝。秉烛唯须饮，投竿也未迟。如逢渭水猎，犹可帝王师。

Appreciation

[Plain Paraphrase] The, white, jade, a, single, cup, of, the, wine, the, green, willows, the, time, of, the, third, month. The, spring, wind, the, remaining, the, how, many, days, the, two, temples, each, becoming, the, threads, of, the, silk. Holding, the, candle, only, need, the, drinking, the, casting, the, rod, also, not, yet, late. If, meeting, the, hunting, of, the, Wei, River, still, can, be, the, teacher, of, the, emperor. [Structure and Thought] The poem moves from the time of the wine with the green willows, through the age of the spring wind with the silk, to the close's the hope of the hunting of the Wei River. [Key Technique] The poem's art is the close of the hope: if meeting the hunting of the Wei River, and the close's still can be the teacher of the emperor — the drinking gathered in the advice and the close's hope. [Emotional Tone] Easy, drinking, and hopeful: the poem is the wine, the age and the close's hope.

【白话串讲】李白写《赠钱征君少阳》：“白玉一杯酒，绿杨三月时”——“春风余几日，两鬓各成丝”——“秉烛唯须饮，投竿也未迟”——“如逢渭水猎，犹可帝王师”——他写钱征君年高仍怀大志。【意象与手法】此诗写赠答，以感慨写赠答，是李白的名篇。前四句写惜时：「白玉一杯酒，绿杨三月时。春风余几日，两鬓各成丝」写白玉一杯酒、绿杨三月时——写尽惜时的感慨；后四句写劝勉：「秉烛唯须饮，投竿也未迟。如逢渭水猎，犹可帝王师」写秉烛唯须饮、投竿也未迟——写尽劝勉的豪情。全诗以感慨写赠答，写尽惜时的感慨与劝勉的豪情，是李白的代表作。【情感与主旨】此诗写赠答，以感慨写赠答，是李白的名篇。此诗写李白赠钱征君（征君为隐居之士的尊称）少阳。钱少阳年八十余，李白劝其入世。此诗写白玉杯、绿杨时，春风余日无多，两鬓皆已成丝；然秉烛夜饮亦须尽兴，投竿垂钓亦未为迟；如逢渭水之猎（用姜太公遇周文王典），犹可作帝王之师。此诗写惜时：白玉一杯酒，绿杨三月时——写白玉一杯酒、绿杨三月时，写尽举杯的春光；春风余几日，两鬓各成丝——写春风余几日、两鬓各成丝，写尽惜时的感慨；秉烛唯须饮，投竿也未迟——写秉烛唯须饮、投竿也未迟，写尽劝饮的豪情；如逢渭水猎，犹可帝王师——写如逢渭水猎、犹可帝王师，写尽劝勉的豪情。全诗以感慨写赠答——那「两鬓各成丝」写尽惜时的感慨，「犹可帝王师」写尽劝勉的豪情，写尽惜时的感慨与劝勉的豪情，是理解李白赠答诗的重要篇章。【名句点睛】常考「春风余几日，两鬓各成丝」写惜时的感慨；「如逢渭水猎，犹可帝王师」写劝勉的豪情；以及全诗以感慨写赠答、以用典写劝勉的手法。

Background

Li Bai (701-762), the great poet of the Tang, wrote this 'The, Presented, to, the, Hermit, of, the, Qian, the, Shao, the, Yang' of the drinking and the advice — the advice to the hermit in the third month. The time of the wine with the green willows, and the close's the hope of the hunting of the Wei River — the poem gathers the ease of the poet, the advice of the friendship. The poem is one of the famous works of the poet's poems of the presentation.

此诗写赠答，以感慨写赠答，是李白的名篇。李白（701—762），字太白，号青莲居士，又号谪仙人，祖籍陇西成纪（今甘肃秦安），生于碎叶（今吉尔吉斯斯坦托克马克），长于绵州昌隆（今四川江油），唐代诗人，与杜甫并称「李杜」，被尊为「诗仙」。此诗写李白赠钱征君（征君为隐居之士的尊称）少阳。钱少阳年八十余，李白劝其入世。此诗写白玉杯、绿杨时，春风余日无多，两鬓皆已成丝；然秉烛夜饮亦须尽兴，投竿垂钓亦未为迟；如逢渭水之猎（用姜太公遇周文王典），犹可作帝王之师。此诗写惜时：「白玉一杯酒，绿杨三月时」写白玉一杯酒、绿杨三月时——写尽举杯的春光（白玉一杯酒，绿杨三月时）；「春风余几日，两鬓各成丝」写春风余几日、两鬓各成丝——写尽惜时的感慨（春风余几日，两鬓各成丝）；「秉烛唯须饮，投竿也未迟」写秉烛唯须饮、投竿也未迟——写尽劝饮的豪情（秉烛唯须饮，投竿也未迟）；「如逢渭水猎，犹可帝王师」写如逢渭水猎、犹可帝王师——写尽劝勉的豪情（如逢渭水猎，犹可帝王师）。全诗以感慨写赠答，写尽惜时的感慨与劝勉的豪情，是理解李白赠答诗的重要篇章。

Art

The poem's art is the art of the hope. The time opens: the, white, jade, a, single, cup, of, the, wine — the white jade of the cup of the wine; the, green, willows, the, time, of, the, third, month — the green willows of the third month; the, spring, wind, the, remaining, the, how, many, days — the spring wind of the remaining; the, two, temples, each, becoming, the, threads, of, the, silk — the two temples of the threads of the silk; holding, the, candle, only, need, the, drinking — the candle of the need the drinking; the, casting, the, rod, also, not, yet, late — the casting the rod of the not yet late. And the close gathers the hope: if, meeting, the, hunting, of, the, Wei, River — the hunting of the Wei River; still, can, be, the, teacher, of, the, emperor — the teacher of the emperor — the time, the advice and the close's hope, gathered in the poem.

此诗的艺术特色可从四个方面解析。其一，以对举写惜时。「白玉一杯酒，绿杨三月时」以对举写惜时——那「白玉杯」「绿杨时」写尽杯酒与春光，以对举写尽惜时的感慨。其二，以直抒写感慨。「春风余几日，两鬓各成丝」以直抒写感慨——那「各成丝」写尽两鬓的白发，以直抒写尽惜时的感慨。其三，以用典写劝勉。「如逢渭水猎」以用典写劝勉——那「渭水猎」用姜太公遇周文王典写劝勉，以用典写尽劝勉的豪情。其四，以豪语写放达。「秉烛唯须饮」以豪语写放达——那「唯须饮」写尽秉烛的豪饮，以豪语写尽放达的豪情。此外，此诗前四句写惜时的感慨，后四句写劝勉的豪情，由惜及勉，正是赠答诗「以勉写赠」的写法。四重手法，使此诗以感慨写赠答，写尽惜时的感慨与劝勉的豪情，是李白的代表作。此诗还善于以「白玉一杯酒」的「白玉杯」写酒器之贵——那「白玉杯」写尽玉杯的白洁，正是以物写情之贵，以「白玉杯」写尽举杯的春光。又善以「秉烛唯须饮」的「唯须」写劝饮之切——唯须饮，正见秉烛夜饮的尽兴，以「唯须」写尽放达的豪情。

Allusions

'The hunting of the Wei River' (wei shui lie) is the hunting of the Wei River — the hunting of the Wei, the meeting of the close; 'the teacher of the emperor' (di wang shi) is the teacher of the emperor — the teacher of the emperor, the hope of the close — the allusion of the Jiang Ziya, the eighty years of the meeting the Wen Wang.

此诗的用语深植于赠答与感慨传统。「白玉杯」令人想到「白玉杯」写玉杯的意象——也令人想到「葡萄美酒夜光杯」（王翰）的意象；「绿杨」令人想到「绿杨」写杨柳的意象——也令人想到「绿杨烟外晓寒轻」（宋祁）的意象；「秉烛」令人想到「秉烛」写夜游的意象——也令人想到「昼短苦夜长，何不秉烛游」（古诗十九首）的意象；「投竿」令人想到「投竿」写垂钓的意象——也令人想到「愿者上钩」的意象；「渭水猎」用姜太公渭水垂钓遇周文王典——也令人想到「太公垂钓」的意象；「帝王师」令人想到「帝王师」写帝师之位的意象——也令人想到「愿为辅弼」的意象。全诗化用白玉杯、绿杨、秉烛、投竿、渭水猎、帝王师的意象典故，以感慨写赠答，正是李白「豪放」而善用典、承赠答传统写劝勉之本领。「秉烛」典出《古诗十九首》「昼短苦夜长，何不秉烛游」——李白以「秉烛唯须饮」写惜时行乐；「渭水猎」典出《史记·齐太公世家》——周文王猎于渭水之阳，遇姜太公，与语大悦，载与俱归，李白以「如逢渭水猎」写钱少阳遇主之期。

Commentary

This poem is one of the famous works of Li Bai's poems of the presentation, quoted for the ease of its opening and the hope of its close. The green willows of the third month, and the teacher of the emperor, are among the admired passages of the poet's poems. Critics praise the poem's advice: the drinking gathered in the age, to the close's hope.

此诗历来被推为李白赠答诗的名篇，也是唐诗写老当益壮的代表。历代论者对此诗评价极高：清人评此诗「以感慨写赠答，豪放自然」；近人更指出「如逢渭水猎，犹可帝王师」写劝勉的豪情，是此诗的名句。在诗歌史上，此诗的特殊价值在于：它以八句的五律写尽惜时的感慨与劝勉的豪情——那白玉，那一杯酒，那绿杨，那三月时，那春风，那余几日，那两鬓，那各成丝，那秉烛，那唯须饮，那投竿，那也未迟，那如逢，那渭水猎，那犹可，那帝王师，都写尽了李白笔下的赠钱征君；那「犹可帝王师」更以豪语写尽劝勉的豪情。此诗与李白《将进酒》（「君不见黄河之水天上来」）同为劝饮名篇，一写「人生得意须尽欢」的狂放（将进酒），一写「投竿也未迟」的劝勉（赠钱征君）；又与姜太公渭水垂钓的典故传统一脉相承，可见中国诗写用世传说的传统。对于今日读者，此诗是理解李白赠答诗的窗口，也是唐诗写老当益壮的经典——那渭水之猎的期许，穿越千年，仍在诉说着劝勉的豪情。

Prosody

Form A regulated poem of the presentation (wu yan lü shi)诗·五言律诗

Rhyme The poem rhymes on the level of the group — the cadence of the regulated poem that carries the hopeful ease.五律，押「时」「丝」「迟」「师」韵（上平四支），一韵到底，音节豪放

Tone pattern The cadence is that of the hope: the level opening with the time, the turning with the age, and the close's fall with the teacher.此诗为五言律诗，押平声韵，一韵到底，音节豪放，正合劝勉的豪放。

Reading note The poem's sound matches its ease: the cadences of the regulated poem, and the close — 'you ke di wang shi' — falls with the teacher, the sound of the advice of the presentation poet.此诗为五言律诗，八句——「白玉一杯酒，绿杨三月时。春风余几日，两鬓各成丝。秉烛唯须饮，投竿也未迟。如逢渭水猎，犹可帝王师」，押「支」韵（时、丝、迟、师），一韵到底，音节豪放。全诗以感慨写赠答：前四句写惜时的感慨（白玉一杯酒、两鬓各成丝），后四句写劝勉的豪情（秉烛唯须饮、犹可帝王师）。八句短章，前写惜时，后写劝勉，以「犹可帝王师」写尽劝勉的豪情，正见李白「豪放」的本色。诵读此诗，宜以豪放的语调读「秉烛唯须饮」的劝饮，以壮阔的语调读「犹可帝王师」的期许，结句要读得豪放而有余韵，方能传达出李白的豪放自然。李白律诗以「豪放飘逸」著称，此诗正是其赠答诗的典范。

Line by line

春风余几日，两鬓各成丝

Of the spring breeze, how many days remain? On both our temples, the hair has turned to thread.

春风余几日，两鬓各成丝。

Of the spring breeze, how many days are left? On both our temples, the hair has grown like silk thread.

此二句是全诗写惜时的核心，以春风余几日写余几日，以两鬓各成丝写各成丝，写尽惜时的感慨，是千古名句。「春风余几日」写春风余几日——那「春风余」写春风余，「几日」写几日，写尽春风的将尽；「两鬓各成丝」写两鬓各成丝——那「两鬓各」写两鬓各，「成丝」写成丝，写尽两鬓的白发。这句的深意在于：它以「春风余几日」的余几日与「两鬓各成丝」的各成丝，写尽惜时的感慨——春风余几日，那「春风余几日」写尽春风的将尽——春风余，正是春意将尽的写照，那「几日」写尽惜时的感慨；两鬓各成丝，那「两鬓各成丝」写尽两鬓的白发——两鬓各，正是各人两鬓的写照，那「成丝」写尽惜时的感慨；那「春风余几日」写尽春风的将尽，那「两鬓各成丝」写尽两鬓的白发，一写春风，一写两鬓，写尽惜时的感慨——春风将尽而两鬓成丝，正是时不我待的写照；此二句以春风、两鬓写尽惜时的感慨，也为下文的劝饮作铺垫，也让此二句成为全诗写惜时的核心与千古名句。若换作直说「春天快过去了，头发都白了，时间不等人」，则失其深沉；唯以「春风余几日」写余几日、「两鬓各成丝」写各成丝，写尽惜时的感慨，也让此二句成为全诗写惜时的核心。

These two lines are the core of the poem's regret for time - a famous line. 'Of the spring breeze, how many days remain?' spring's near end; 'on both our temples, the hair has turned to thread' the white hair. Spring's last days, the temples already thread-white - time's pressing flight, priming the persuasion to drink below.

如逢渭水猎，犹可帝王师

If ever you meet the hunt by the Wei River, you might yet be the emperor's mentor.

如逢渭水猎，犹可帝王师。

Could you but meet the king's hunt by the Wei, you might still serve as the emperor's tutor.

此二句是全诗写劝勉的核心，以如逢渭水猎写渭水猎，以犹可帝王师写帝王师，写尽劝勉的豪情，是千古名句。「如逢渭水猎」写如逢渭水猎——那「如逢渭水」写如逢渭水，「猎」写猎，写尽渭水的垂钓；「犹可帝王师」写犹可帝王师——那「犹可」写犹可，「帝王师」写帝王师，写尽帝师的期许。这句的深意在于：它以「如逢渭水猎」的渭水猎与「犹可帝王师」的帝王师，写尽劝勉的豪情——如逢渭水猎，那「如逢渭水猎」写尽渭水的垂钓——如逢渭水猎，正是姜尚遇文王的写照，那「渭水猎」写尽劝勉的豪情；犹可帝王师，那「犹可帝王师」写尽帝师的期许——犹可帝王师，正是犹可为师的写照，那「帝王师」写尽劝勉的豪情；那「如逢渭水猎」写尽渭水的垂钓，那「犹可帝王师」写尽帝师的期许，一写渭水，一写帝师，写尽劝勉的豪情——如逢渭水之猎而可作帝王之师，正是老当益壮的写照；此二句以渭水、帝师写尽劝勉的豪情，也让此二句成为全诗写劝勉的核心与千古名句。若换作直说「只要有机会，你还能当皇帝的师傅」，则失其豪迈；唯以「如逢渭水猎」写渭水猎、「犹可帝王师」写帝王师，写尽劝勉的豪情，也让此二句成为全诗写劝勉的核心。

These two lines are the core of the poem's encouragement - a famous line. 'If ever you meet the hunt by the Wei River' the Jiang Ziya allusion (the old fisherman discovered by King Wen on the Wei); 'you might yet be the emperor's mentor' the expectation of high service. The Wei-river encounter, the master-teacher's part - the old man still in his prime, the bold encouragement.

Study

Word focus

丝 A key expression in the poem. Read it as an image, mood, or grammar point in context. 「两鬓各成丝」之「丝」字是写惜时的关键词，一个「丝」字写尽两鬓的白发。丝者，白丝、银丝也。李白以「两鬓各成丝」写惜时，这个「丝」字至少有双重意味：其一，写发之丝——那「两鬓各成丝」写两鬓各成丝，那「丝」字写尽两鬓的白发——各成丝，正是鬓白如丝的写照，那「丝」字写尽惜时的感慨；其二，写时之逝——那「丝」字更是写逝——丝，正见岁月流逝的印记，那「丝」字写尽老之将至的感慨。以「丝」字写惜时，正是李白写赠答的枢纽——若换作「白」「霜」等字，则或失其与「春风余几日」「两鬓各成丝」的配合，或失其写丝的意味；唯「丝」字，以两鬓各成丝写尽白发之如丝与岁月之流逝，与「春风余几日」的春风相合，写尽惜时的感慨，也让「两鬓各成丝」成为全诗写惜时的名句。

犹可 A key expression in the poem. Read it as an image, mood, or grammar point in context. 「犹可帝王师」之「犹可」是写豪情的关键词，一个「犹可」写尽帝师的期许。犹可者，还可以、仍能也。李白以「犹可帝王师」写豪情，这个「犹可」至少有双重意味：其一，写尚可之犹——那「犹可帝王师」写犹可帝王师，那「犹可」写尽帝师的期许——犹可帝王师，正是尚可为师的写照，那「犹可」写尽劝勉的豪情；其二，写志之壮——那「犹可」更是写壮——犹可，正见老当益壮的豪气，那「犹可」写尽李白的豪放。以「犹可」写豪情，正是李白写赠答的枢纽——若换作「尚能」「仍可」等词，则或失其与「如逢渭水猎」「帝王师」的配合，或失其写犹可的意味；唯「犹可」二字，以犹可帝王师写尽帝师之期许与老当益壮之豪气，与「如逢渭水猎」的渭水相合，写尽劝勉的豪情，也让「犹可帝王师」成为全诗写豪情的名句。