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唐 Tang · 词 Ci lyric

杂曲歌辞 长相思三首 二

The, Song, of, the, Miscellaneous, Tunes: The, Everlasting, Longing, Three, Poems, No. 2

李白

Li Bai

日色已尽花含烟月明欲素愁不眠赵瑟初停凤凰柱蜀琴欲奏鸳鸯弦此曲有意无人传愿随春风寄燕然忆君迢迢隔青天昔日横波目今成流泪泉不信妾肠断归来看取明镜前

The, light, of, the, day, already, gone, the, flowers, holding, the, mist,
The, moon, bright, desiring, the, white, silk, the, sorrow, sleepless, lying.
The, Zhao, zither, just, stopped, on, the, phoenix, pillars,
The, Shu, qin, desiring, to, play, the, mandarin, duck, strings.
This, tune, having, the, intention, no, one, to, transmit,
Wishing, to, follow, the, spring, wind, to, send, to, the, Yanran.
Remembering, you, far, far, apart, across, the, blue, sky,
The, eyes, of, the, waves, of, the, former, days,
Now, becoming, the, springs, of, the, flowing, tears.
If, not, believing, my, heart, breaking,
Returning, home, look, and, take, before, the, bright, mirror.
Listen

Meaning

A poem of the longing and the music, written by Li Bai. The light of the day gone with the flowers holding the mist, the moon bright desiring the white silk the sorrow sleepless lying — the night of the opening. The Zhao zither with the phoenix pillars, the Shu qin desiring to play the mandarin duck strings — the music of the middle. This tune having the intention no one to transmit, wishing to follow the spring wind to send to the Yanran — the sending of the middle. And the close's remembering you far far apart across the blue sky, the eyes of the waves becoming the springs of the flowing tears — the close's longing. The poem is the longing and the music: the night, the tune, and the close's tears.

日色已尽花含烟月明欲素愁不眠赵瑟初停凤凰柱蜀琴欲奏鸳鸯弦此曲有意无人传愿随春风寄燕然忆君迢迢隔青天昔日横波目今成流泪泉不信妾肠断归来看取明镜前

Appreciation

[Plain Paraphrase] The, light, of, the, day, already, gone, the, flowers, holding, the, mist, the, moon, bright, desiring, the, white, silk, the, sorrow, sleepless, lying. The, Zhao, zither, just, stopped, on, the, phoenix, pillars, the, Shu, qin, desiring, to, play, the, mandarin, duck, strings. This, tune, having, the, intention, no, one, to, transmit, wishing, to, follow, the, spring, wind, to, send, to, the, Yanran. Remembering, you, far, far, apart, across, the, blue, sky, the, eyes, of, the, waves, of, the, former, days, now, becoming, the, springs, of, the, flowing, tears. If, not, believing, my, heart, breaking, returning, home, look, and, take, before, the, bright, mirror. [Structure and Thought] The poem moves from the night of the flowers and the moon, through the music of the zither and the qin with the sending of the tune, to the close's the remembering of the lover and the tears before the mirror. [Key Technique] The poem's art is the close of the mirror: this tune having the intention no one to transmit, and the close's the returning home to look before the bright mirror — the longing gathered in the music and the close's tears. [Emotional Tone] Longing, musical, and sorrowful: the poem is the night, the tune and the close's mirror.

【白话串讲】 李白写《杂曲歌辞·长相思三首其二》：“日色已尽花含烟，月明欲素愁不眠”——“赵瑟初停凤凰柱，蜀琴欲奏鸳鸯弦”——“忆君迢迢隔青天”——“昔日横波目，今成流泪泉”——他写长相思——忆君迢迢隔青天。 【意象与手法】 “日色已尽花含烟月明欲素愁不眠”写日色已尽花含烟；“赵瑟初停凤凰柱蜀琴欲奏鸳鸯弦”写赵瑟初停凤凰柱；“此曲有意无人传愿随春风寄燕然”写此曲有意无人传；结以“忆君迢迢隔青天昔日横波目今成流泪泉不信妾肠断归来看取明镜前”写归来看取明镜前。缠绵闺思。 【情感与主旨】 李白写长相思之作，写忆君迢迢隔青天、昔日横波目今成流泪泉的相思，是李白乐府诗中的名篇。 【名句点睛】 常考“日色已尽花含烟，月明欲素愁不眠”写月夜愁思；“忆君迢迢隔青天，昔日横波目今成流泪泉”写相思。

Background

Li Bai (701-762), the greatest poet of the Tang, wrote this 'The, Everlasting, Longing, No. 2' of the longing and the music — the sorrow of the lady for the distant lover. The flowers holding the mist with the sleepless sorrow, the zither and the qin with the tune for the Yanran, and the close's the eyes of the waves becoming the flowing tears — the poem gathers the sorrow of the lady, the music of the longing. The poem is one of the famous works of the poet's poems of the longing.

《杂曲歌辞 长相思三首 二》为唐代诗人李白所作词。李白（701—762），字太白，号青莲居士，绵州昌隆人，唐代诗人。此诗写闺思相思，为长相思之作。诗中「日色已尽花含烟月明欲素愁不眠」写日色已尽花含烟月明欲素愁不眠；「赵瑟初停凤凰柱蜀琴欲奏鸳鸯弦」写赵瑟初停凤凰柱蜀琴欲奏鸳鸯弦；「此曲有意无人传愿随春风寄燕然」写此曲有意无人传愿随春风寄燕然；「忆君迢迢隔青天昔日横波目今成流泪泉不信妾肠断归来看取明镜前」写忆君迢迢隔青天昔日横波目今成流泪泉不信妾肠断归来看取明镜前。李白此词以闺思相思、归来看取明镜前写其相思之情，缠绵闺思，是李白词中的名篇。此篇《杂曲歌辞 长相思三首 二》在历代选本中多被收录，其艺术价值与流传之广，正可见此诗在同类题材中的重要地位。诗人以匠心独运之笔写寻常之情事，遂使此作历千载而犹有生气，为后人所称赏不绝。

Art

The poem's art is the art of the longing. The night opens: the, light, of, the, day, already, gone, the, flowers, holding, the, mist — the flowers of the holding the mist; the, moon, bright, desiring, the, white, silk, the, sorrow, sleepless, lying — the sorrow of the sleepless lying. The music follows: the, Zhao, zither, just, stopped, on, the, phoenix, pillars — the phoenix pillars of the Zhao zither; the, Shu, qin, desiring, to, play, the, mandarin, duck, strings — the mandarin duck strings of the Shu qin; this, tune, having, the, intention, no, one, to, transmit — the tune of the no one to transmit; wishing, to, follow, the, spring, wind, to, send, to, the, Yanran — the spring wind of the Yanran. And the close gathers the tears: remembering, you, far, far, apart, across, the, blue, sky — the blue sky of the far apart; the, eyes, of, the, waves, of, the, former, days — the eyes of the waves; now, becoming, the, springs, of, the, flowing, tears — the springs of the flowing tears; if, not, believing, my, heart, breaking — the not believing of the heart breaking; returning, home, look, and, take, before, the, bright, mirror — the bright mirror of the returning home — the night, the music and the close's tears, gathered in the poem.

此词艺术上以「缠绵闺思、以琴写情」见长。全词共十四句，由日色已尽花含烟而赵瑟初停凤凰柱而此曲有意无人传。起「日色已尽花含烟月明欲素愁不眠」写日色已尽花含烟：日色已尽花含烟月明欲素愁不眠；「赵瑟初停凤凰柱蜀琴欲奏鸳鸯弦」写赵瑟初停凤凰柱：赵瑟初停凤凰柱蜀琴欲奏鸳鸯弦；「此曲有意无人传愿随春风寄燕然」写此曲有意无人传：此曲有意无人传愿随春风寄燕然；结「忆君迢迢隔青天昔日横波目今成流泪泉不信妾肠断归来看取明镜前」写归来看取明镜前：忆君迢迢隔青天昔日横波目今成流泪泉不信妾肠断归来看取明镜前。全词以琴写情，由日色已尽花含烟而归来看取明镜前，缠绵闺思，是李白词中的名篇。通篇以少总多之法出之，章法严谨而用意深曲，意象凝练而情韵悠长，读之愈久，愈觉其构思之精与笔力之健，堪称同类诗作中不可多得之佳篇，足见诗人炉火纯青的艺术功力。

Allusions

'The Zhao zither' (Zhao se) is the Zhao zither — the zither of the Zhao, the phoenix pillars of the stopping; 'the Shu qin' (Shu qin) is the Shu qin — the qin of the Shu, the mandarin duck strings of the playing; 'the Yanran' (Yan ran) is the Yanran — the mountain of the Yanran, the frontier of the sending; 'the bright mirror' (ming jing) is the bright mirror — the mirror of the bright, the returning home of the close.

诗中「日色已尽花含烟月明欲素愁不眠」「赵瑟初停凤凰柱蜀琴欲奏鸳鸯弦」「此曲有意无人传愿随春风寄燕然」「忆君迢迢隔青天昔日横波目今成流泪泉不信妾肠断归来看取明镜前」等语，皆含典故故实。「日色已尽花含烟月明欲素愁不眠」写日色已尽花含烟月明欲素愁不眠；「赵瑟初停凤凰柱蜀琴欲奏鸳鸯弦」用蜀琴之典（蜀琴写司马相如），写赵瑟初停凤凰柱蜀琴欲奏鸳鸯弦；「此曲有意无人传愿随春风寄燕然」用燕然之典（燕然写燕然山），写此曲有意无人传愿随春风寄燕然；「忆君迢迢隔青天昔日横波目今成流泪泉不信妾肠断归来看取明镜前」写忆君迢迢隔青天昔日横波目今成流泪泉不信妾肠断归来看取明镜前。诗人用蜀琴、燕然之典入词，不着痕迹，而把闺思相思之情写得真切可感，是善于熔铸典故的体现。此等用典之法，熔铸古今而不着痕迹，既不炫博以示学，亦不拘泥于旧解，正见诗人学养之深与运思之巧。读者于此等处尤当细心玩味，方能领会其言外之旨与味外之味。

Commentary

This poem is one of the famous works of Li Bai's poems of the longing, quoted for the musicality of its middle and the sorrow of its close. The tune sent by the spring wind, and the eyes of the waves becoming the flowing tears, are among the admired passages of the poet's poems. Critics praise the poem's musicality: the night gathered in the music, to the close's tears.

这首《杂曲歌辞 长相思三首 二》，是李白写闺思相思之作，写日色已尽花含烟、赵瑟初停凤凰柱、此曲有意无人传、归来看取明镜前之情，缠绵闺思。起「日色已尽花含烟月明欲素愁不眠」——日色已尽花含烟月明欲素愁不眠。写日色已尽花含烟：日色已尽花含烟、月明欲素愁不眠——花含烟、愁不眠；「赵瑟初停凤凰柱蜀琴欲奏鸳鸯弦」——赵瑟初停凤凰柱蜀琴欲奏鸳鸯弦。写赵瑟初停凤凰柱：赵瑟初停凤凰柱、蜀琴欲奏鸳鸯弦——凤凰柱、鸳鸯弦；「此曲有意无人传愿随春风寄燕然」——此曲有意无人传愿随春风寄燕然。写此曲有意无人传：此曲有意无人传、愿随春风寄燕然——无人传、寄燕然；结「忆君迢迢隔青天昔日横波目今成流泪泉不信妾肠断归来看取明镜前」——忆君迢迢隔青天昔日横波目今成流泪泉不信妾肠断归来看取明镜前。写归来看取明镜前：忆君迢迢隔青天、昔日横波目、今成流泪泉、不信妾肠断、归来看取明镜前——隔青天、横波目、流泪泉、妾肠断、明镜前。这「忆君迢迢隔青天昔日横波目今成流泪泉不信妾肠断归来看取明镜前」，是全词之结：以归来看取明镜前写其相思。全词缠绵闺思，以琴写情，正是李白词中的名篇。

Prosody

Form A long poem of the longing (za qu ge ci)词（古体杂言）
Rhyme The poem rhymes on the level of the group — the cadence of the long poem that carries the flowing longing.此词为古体杂言。押韵：「眠」「弦」「然」「天」「泉」「前」等部。句句自然流转，声情缠绵，正与写闺思相思的缠绵闺思相称，也见其以古体写相思的流转。
Tone pattern The cadence is that of the longing: the level opening with the night, the turning with the music, and the close's fall with the mirror.句式上，「日色已尽花含烟月明欲素愁不眠」写日色已尽花含烟，音节缠绵；「赵瑟初停凤凰柱蜀琴欲奏鸳鸯弦」写赵瑟初停凤凰柱，音节低回；「此曲有意无人传愿随春风寄燕然」写此曲有意无人传，音节悠长；结「忆君迢迢隔青天昔日横波目今成流泪泉不信妾肠断归来看取明镜前」写归来看取明镜前，音节沉郁。全词音节随情起伏，由缠绵而低回、由悠长而沉郁，正合古体「流转」之妙，读来如闺思相思、归来看取明镜前之音，缠绵而动人。
Reading note The poem's sound matches its sorrow: the cadences of the long poem, and the close — 'gui lai kan qu ming jing qian' — falls with the mirror, the sound of the tears of the longing lady.此词为古体杂言，是李白写闺思相思之作，也是其词中的名篇。全词的艺术特色在于「缠绵闺思、以琴写情」：「日色已尽花含烟月明欲素愁不眠」写日色已尽花含烟、「赵瑟初停凤凰柱蜀琴欲奏鸳鸯弦」写赵瑟初停凤凰柱、「此曲有意无人传愿随春风寄燕然」写此曲有意无人传、「忆君迢迢隔青天昔日横波目今成流泪泉不信妾肠断归来看取明镜前」写归来看取明镜前。全词缠绵闺思，以琴写情。尤为精妙者，是「蜀琴欲奏鸳鸯弦」用蜀琴之典；而「愿随春风寄燕然」用燕然之典，正是李白词「缠绵闺思」的典范，为历代选本所常收。

Line by line

日色已尽花含烟月明欲素愁不眠

The, light, of, the, day, already, gone, the, flowers, holding, the, mist, the, moon, bright, desiring, the, white, silk, the, sorrow, sleepless, lying.

日色已尽花含烟月明欲素愁不眠

The daylight is gone, flowers hold the mist; the moon is bright as white silk, and I grieve, sleepless.

起句写日色已尽花含烟，起笔即见其日色。「日色已尽花含烟」写日色已尽花含烟，「日色已尽」写日色已尽、「花含烟」写花含烟；「月明欲素愁不眠」写月明欲素愁不眠，「月明欲素」写月明欲素、「愁不眠」写愁不眠。一句写日色已尽花含烟月明欲素愁不眠，以日色已尽花含烟写花含烟、以月明欲素愁不眠写愁不眠，写尽日色已尽花含烟、月明欲素愁不眠之情。以日起兴，缠绵而闺思，是「以日起兴」的妙笔。

The opening writes the daylight is gone, flowers hold the mist, the daylight named at the first stroke. The daylight is gone: the evening. Flowers hold the mist: the dim blooms. The moon is bright as white silk: the pale moonlight. And I grieve, sleepless: the wakeful sorrow. One block writes the fading day, the misty flowers, the pale moon, the sleepless grief - Li Bai's starting point for the lovesickness: the chamber's dim evening at once. The line opens with the sun as bi-xing, lingering and chamber-longing-themed: the moonlit sleeplessness at once.

赵瑟初停凤凰柱蜀琴欲奏鸳鸯弦

The Zhao zither has just ceased at the phoenix bridge; the Shu lute is about to sound the mandarin-duck strings.

赵瑟初停凤凰柱蜀琴欲奏鸳鸯弦

The Zhao zither has just stopped at the phoenix bridge; the Shu lute is about to play the mandarin-duck strings.

此句写赵瑟初停凤凰柱，是全词写赵瑟之态的关键。「赵瑟初停凤凰柱」写赵瑟初停凤凰柱，「赵瑟」写赵瑟、「初停凤凰柱」写初停凤凰柱；「蜀琴欲奏鸳鸯弦」用蜀琴之典写蜀琴欲奏鸳鸯弦，「蜀琴」写蜀琴、「欲奏鸳鸯弦」写欲奏鸳鸯弦。一句写赵瑟初停凤凰柱蜀琴欲奏鸳鸯弦，以赵瑟初停凤凰柱写凤凰柱、以蜀琴欲奏鸳鸯弦写鸳鸯弦，写尽赵瑟初停凤凰柱、蜀琴欲奏鸳鸯弦之情。以琴写情，缠绵而闺思，是「以琴写情」的点睛之笔。

This line writes the Zhao zither has just stopped at the phoenix bridge, the key to the ci piece's Zhao-zither state. The Zhao zither: the ancient zither of Zhao. Has just stopped at the phoenix bridge: the paused strings. The Shu lute is about to play the mandarin-duck strings uses the Shu lute allusion: the paired strings of love. One block writes the zither paused and the lute about to play - the pivot: the instruments of love both unplayed. The line uses the lute for feeling, lingering and chamber-longing-themed: the paired strings unplayed mirror the absent lover.

此曲有意无人传愿随春风寄燕然

This, tune, having, the, intention, no, one, to, transmit, wishing, to, follow, the, spring, wind, to, send, to, the, Yanran.

此曲有意无人传愿随春风寄燕然

This tune has feeling, but no one to send it; I wish it would follow the spring wind to Yanran.

此句写此曲有意无人传，是全词写此曲之态的关键。「此曲有意无人传」写此曲有意无人传，「此曲有意」写此曲有意、「无人传」写无人传；「愿随春风寄燕然」用燕然之典写愿随春风寄燕然，「愿随春风」写愿随春风、「寄燕然」写寄燕然。一句写此曲有意无人传愿随春风寄燕然，以此曲有意无人传写无人传、以愿随春风寄燕然写寄燕然，写尽此曲有意无人传、愿随春风寄燕然之情。以曲写情，缠绵而闺思，是「以曲写情」的点睛之笔。

This line writes this tune has feeling, but no one to send it, the key to the ci piece's tune state. This tune has feeling: the composed song. No one to send it: the absent messenger. I wish it would follow the spring wind to Yanran uses the Yanran allusion (the northern frontier): the distant camp. One block writes the tune's feeling and the wish to send it on the spring wind - the pivot: the song's longing aimed at the frontier. The line uses the tune for feeling, lingering and chamber-longing-themed: the song becomes a letter to the absent man.

忆君迢迢隔青天昔日横波目今成流泪泉不信妾肠断归来看取明镜前

I think of you, far away across the blue sky; those once wave-glancing eyes have now become a fountain of tears. If you doubt my heart is breaking, come back and look in the bright mirror before me.

忆君迢迢隔青天昔日横波目今成流泪泉不信妾肠断归来看取明镜前

I think of you, far across the blue sky; those once wave-glancing eyes have now become a spring of tears. If you doubt my bowels are broken, come back and look before the bright mirror.

结句写归来看取明镜前，是全词立意的落点。「忆君迢迢隔青天」写忆君迢迢隔青天，「忆君迢迢」写忆君迢迢、「隔青天」写隔青天；「昔日横波目今成流泪泉」写昔日横波目今成流泪泉，「昔日横波目」写昔日横波目、「今成流泪泉」写今成流泪泉；「不信妾肠断归来看取明镜前」写不信妾肠断归来看取明镜前，「不信妾肠断」写不信妾肠断、「归来看取明镜前」写归来看取明镜前。一句写忆君迢迢隔青天昔日横波目今成流泪泉不信妾肠断归来看取明镜前，以忆君迢迢隔青天写隔青天、以昔日横波目写横波目、以今成流泪泉写流泪泉、以不信妾肠断写妾肠断、以归来看取明镜前写明镜前，写尽忆君迢迢隔青天、归来看取明镜前之情。以镜写情，缠绵而闺思，是全词最动人处，也是「以镜写情」的点睛之笔。

The closing line writes come back and look before the bright mirror, the ci piece's landing. I think of you, far across the blue sky: the distant separation. Those once wave-glancing eyes have now become a spring of tears: the eyes' change. If you doubt my bowels are broken: the challenge. Come back and look before the bright mirror: the mirror's proof. One block writes the longing across the sky, the eyes turned to tears, the doubt, the mirror challenge - Li Bai's resolution: the mirror will show him the grief. The line uses the mirror for feeling, lingering and chamber-longing-themed, the ci piece's most moving point: the mirror as witness to the wasted years.

Study

Word focus

日色 A key expression in the poem. Read it as an image, mood, or grammar point in context. 「日色」写日色已尽花含烟，是写日色之态的关键。「日色已尽花含烟」着一「日色」，写日色——着一「日色」，写日色已尽花含烟，见其色之日。两字写尽日色之态，是「以词写日」的妙笔。「日色」一字之用而全篇生色，与诗中情韵相为表里，正见诗人炼字之精与匠心之独运。读者于此等处若细细体会，自能领会其于平淡之中见功力、于寻常处见神奇之妙。
蜀琴 A key expression in the poem. Read it as an image, mood, or grammar point in context. 「蜀琴」写蜀琴欲奏鸳鸯弦，是写蜀琴之态的关键。「蜀琴欲奏鸳鸯弦」着一「蜀琴」，写蜀琴——着一「蜀琴」，写蜀琴欲奏鸳鸯弦，见其琴之蜀。两字写尽蜀琴之态，是「以词写琴」的点睛之词。「蜀琴」一字之用而全篇生色，与诗中情韵相为表里，正见诗人炼字之精与匠心之独运。读者于此等处若细细体会，自能领会其于平淡之中见功力、于寻常处见神奇之妙。
燕然 'The, Yanran' — the mountain of the Yanran, the frontier of the sending. 「燕然」写愿随春风寄燕然，是写燕然之态的关键。「愿随春风寄燕然」着一「燕然」，写燕然——着一「燕然」，写愿随春风寄燕然，见其然之燕。两字写尽燕然之态，是「以词写然」的点睛之词。「燕然」一字之用而全篇生色，与诗中情韵相为表里，正见诗人炼字之精与匠心之独运。读者于此等处若细细体会，自能领会其于平淡之中见功力、于寻常处见神奇之妙。
青天 A key expression in the poem. Read it as an image, mood, or grammar point in context. 「青天」写忆君迢迢隔青天，是写青天之态的关键。「忆君迢迢隔青天」着一「青天」，写青天——着一「青天」，写忆君迢迢隔青天，见其天之青。两字写尽青天之态，是「以词写天」的点睛之词。「青天」一字之用而全篇生色，与诗中情韵相为表里，正见诗人炼字之精与匠心之独运。读者于此等处若细细体会，自能领会其于平淡之中见功力、于寻常处见神奇之妙。

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