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宋 Song · 词 Ci lyric

减字木兰花·卖花担上

Jianzi Mulanhua: On the Flower Seller's Pole

李清照

Li Qingzhao

爱情Love 闺情Boudoir Sentiments

卖花担上。
买得一枝春欲放。
泪染轻匀。
犹带彤霞晓露痕。
怕郎猜道。
奴面不如花面好。
云鬓斜簪。
徒要教郎比并看。

On a flower seller's pole
I bought a sprig of spring about to bloom.
Tears dye its petals, light and even;
it still bears the traces of dawn-red clouds and morning dew.
I fear my lord will guess
that my face is not as fair as the flower's face.
So I pin it aslant in my cloud-soft hair —
I insist my lord compare us side by side.

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Meaning

Newly married and sure of love, the poet buys a budding sprig from a flower seller, admires its dewy bloom like tear-stained rose clouds, and — half fearing, half teasing — wears it in her hair, demanding that her husband judge flower against face. The poem captures the playful confidence of a young bride in eight short lines.

卖花担上。买得一枝春欲放。泪染轻匀。犹带彤霞晓露痕。怕郎猜道。奴面不如花面好。云鬓斜簪。徒要教郎比并看。

Appreciation

[Plain Paraphrase] A young wife buys a budding spray from a flower seller; its petals look tear-stained, its colors still hold the rose of dawn clouds and the wet of morning dew. Fearing her husband will think the flower fairer than she, she pins it aslant in her hair and insists he judge the two side by side. [Structure] The upper stanza buys the flower, the lower stages the contest — purchase, wearing, comparison, one small domestic scene complete. [Imagery] The flower is spring about to bloom: not yet open, lovelier than full bloom, and quietly mirroring the bride's own blossoming. [Psychology] The fear is half real, half teasing — she fears the flower will win, but her remedy, wearing it and demanding the comparison, shows she fears nothing of the kind. The poem's charm is the gap between the words and the confidence behind them.

【白话串讲】李清照写《减字木兰花·卖花担上》：“卖花担上。买得一枝春欲放”——“泪染轻匀。犹带彤霞晓露痕”——“怕郎猜道。奴面不如花面好”——“云鬓斜簪。徒要教郎比并看”——她买花插鬓，要让丈夫比比谁美——她写新婚的娇俏。【意象与手法】此词是李清照写买花斗艳的名篇，写从卖花担上买得花枝、与郎比并看花的娇憨，是李清照词中「以买花写爱情」的名篇。上片写买花：「卖花担上，买得一枝春欲放」写从卖花担上买得欲放的花枝；「泪染轻匀，犹带彤霞晓露痕」写花如泪染、犹带晓露。下片写斗艳：「怕郎猜道，奴面不如花面好」写怕郎猜自己不如花；「云鬓斜簪，徒要教郎比并看」写云鬓斜簪、教郎比并看，是千古名句。全词以买花、簪花、比并看花写新婚的娇憨与爱情的自信，是李清照「以买花写爱情」的名篇。【情感与主旨】此词约作于李清照与赵明诚新婚期间（约 1101-1107 年，赵明诚出仕前），写其从卖花担上买得花枝、与夫比并看花的娇憨。李清照十八岁（1101）嫁赵明诚，新婚期间夫妻恩爱、琴瑟和鸣。此词即写其新婚的娇憨：买得花枝，怕郎觉得自己不如花美，于是云鬓斜簪，要郎比并着看。词中「卖花担上，买得一枝春欲放」写买花——卖花担上，买得一枝春欲放（买得一枝含苞欲放的花），那「春欲放」写尽花枝的含苞欲放（一枝春，暗含春意）；「泪染轻匀，犹带彤霞晓露痕」写花如泪染——泪染轻匀（花瓣如泪染轻匀），犹带彤霞晓露痕（还带着彤霞（红霞）与晓露的痕迹），那「泪染轻匀」「彤霞晓露」写尽花的娇艳（花如泪染、如霞如露）；「怕郎猜道，奴面不如花面好」写怕郎猜——怕郎猜道，奴面不如花面好（怕郎猜我面不如花面好），写尽新婚女子的小心思（怕郎觉得花比自己美）；「云鬓斜簪，徒要教郎比并看」写簪花比并——云鬓斜簪（把花斜簪在云鬓上），徒要教郎比并看（偏要教郎比并着看），那「云鬓斜簪」写尽簪花的娇态，「徒要教郎比并看」写尽比并看花的娇憨（偏要比一比，看是花美还是我美）。全词以买花、簪花、比并看花写新婚的娇憨与爱情的自信，那「怕郎猜道」「徒要教郎比并看」写尽新婚女子的娇憨与对爱情的自信，是李清照「以买花写爱情」的名篇。【名句点睛】常考“卖花担上，买得一枝春欲放”写买花之喜；“云鬓斜簪，徒要教郎比并看”写簪花斗艳的娇憨，是千古名句。

Background

Li Qingzhao (1084-c. 1155), styled Yi'an Jushi, is the greatest woman poet of the Song. She married the antiquarian Zhao Mingcheng in 1101 at the age of eighteen, and the early years of the marriage — before he took office — were famously happy, the couple collecting books and antiquities together. This short lyric belongs to that newlywed period (c. 1101-1107). Buying a spray of spring from a flower seller, wearing it in cloud-soft hair, and demanding that her husband judge flower against face: a domestic trifle turned into the most celebrated portrait of a young wife's confident charm in all of Chinese lyric.

此词约作于李清照与赵明诚新婚期间（约 1101-1107 年，赵明诚出仕前），是李清照写买花斗艳的词。李清照（1084-约1155）号易安居士，十八岁（1101）嫁赵明诚，新婚期间夫妻恩爱、琴瑟和鸣。此词即写其新婚的娇憨：从卖花担上买得花枝，怕郎觉得自己不如花美，于是云鬓斜簪，要郎比并着看。词中「卖花担上，买得一枝春欲放」写买花——「卖花担上」写卖花人的担上，「买得一枝春欲放」写买得一枝含苞欲放的花（「一枝春」写一枝花，也暗含春意，令人想到「折梅逢驿使，寄与陇头人。江南无所有，聊赠一枝春」（陆凯《赠范晔》）的「一枝春」意象），那「春欲放」写尽花枝的含苞欲放；「泪染轻匀，犹带彤霞晓露痕」写花如泪染——「泪染轻匀」写花瓣如泪染轻匀（那花瓣上，如泪水染过，轻匀细密），「犹带彤霞晓露痕」写还带着彤霞（红霞）与晓露的痕迹（那花瓣红如彤霞，还带着清晨的露珠），那「泪染轻匀」「彤霞晓露」写尽花的娇艳（花如泪染、如霞如露，写尽花瓣的红艳与露珠的晶莹）；「怕郎猜道，奴面不如花面好」写怕郎猜——「怕郎猜道」写怕郎猜（那「怕」写尽新婚女子的小心思），「奴面不如花面好」写我面不如花面好（「奴」是女子自称，那「奴面不如花面好」写怕郎猜自己面不如花），写尽新婚女子怕郎觉得花比自己美的小心思；「云鬓斜簪，徒要教郎比并看」写簪花比并——「云鬓斜簪」写把花斜簪在云鬓上（那「云鬓斜簪」写尽簪花的娇态——花斜簪在鬓边，正是「人面桃花」的娇艳），「徒要教郎比并看」写偏要教郎比并着看（「徒要」写偏要、「比并看」写并排比着看），那「徒要教郎比并看」写尽比并看花的娇憨（偏要比一比，看是花美还是我美）。此词是李清照「以买花写爱情」的名篇，那「怕郎猜道」「徒要教郎比并看」写尽新婚女子的娇憨与对爱情的自信，是理解其「少女新婚时期词风」的关键作品。

Art

Four layers of craft. First, the conception: buying flowers is made to carry love — purchase, wearing, comparison, a whole domestic comedy in eight short lines. Second, the flower-and-face contrast: the spray is described as if tear-stained (tears dye its petals), still holding dawn's rose and morning dew, so the flower enters the poem already a rival. Third, psychology: I fear my lord will guess opens the bride's heart — a fear that is half real, half the coquetry of the secure. Fourth, the ending: pinned aslant in my cloud-soft hair, I insist my lord compare us side by side. Aslant is the pose of deliberate charm, and insist is the voice of one certain of winning; the word turns the little fear inside out, and the poem closes not on anxiety but on triumph disguised as play.

此词的艺术特色可从四个层面解析。其一，以买花写爱情的构思。全词以买花、簪花、比并看花写新婚的爱情——那「买得一枝春欲放」是买花，「云鬓斜簪」是簪花，「徒要教郎比并看」是比并看花，以买花写爱情的娇憨与自信，构思新颖而生活化。其二，以花写人的对照。「泪染轻匀，犹带彤霞晓露痕」写花的娇艳，「奴面不如花面好」写怕郎觉得花美，「云鬓斜簪」写人面与花面相映，那花与人的对照，写尽新婚女子的娇艳与娇憨（花美，人也要与花比美）。其三，以心理写娇憨。「怕郎猜道，奴面不如花面好」以「怕郎猜道」写新婚女子的心理——怕郎觉得花比自己美，那「怕」字写尽娇憨的小心思，以心理写娇憨、生动传神。其四，以「徒要教郎比并看」写收束。「云鬓斜簪，徒要教郎比并看」以「云鬓斜簪」写簪花的娇态，以「徒要教郎比并看」写比并看花的娇憨——偏要比一比，看是花美还是我美，那「徒要教郎比并看」以娇憨收束，写尽新婚爱情的自信与娇媚。四重手法层层推进，使此词成为李清照词中「以买花写爱情」的名篇。

Allusions

The lyric's images sit deep in the love-and-flowers tradition. A spray of spring adapts Lu Kai's gift to Fan Ye — a courier meets a plum branch; to the man of Longtou I send it; Jiangnan has nothing, let me offer a spray of spring — one flower standing for all of spring. Tears dye its petals recalls Bai Juyi's branch of pear blossoms in spring rain for the tear-stained beauty. Cloud-soft hair owes to Bai Juyi's Song of Everlasting Sorrow (cloud-soft tresses, flower face, golden hairpin swaying), and the flower pinned beside the cheek quietly answers Cui Hu's her face and the peach blossoms shone red together. The flower seller's pole itself evokes the capital's spring streets in poems like Lu You's in the deep lane, apricot blossoms are sold in the morning. The pleasure of the poem is that these grand echoes are domesticated into one bride's teasing.

此词的意象与用语深植于爱情与花人传统。「卖花担上，买得一枝春欲放」写买花——「卖花担上」写卖花人的担上（「卖花」令人想到「小楼一夜听春雨，深巷明朝卖杏花」（陆游《临安春雨初霁》）的卖花意象与宋人「卖花担上」的市井风情），「一枝春欲放」写一枝含苞欲放的花（「一枝春」化用陆凯「聊赠一枝春」——「折梅逢驿使，寄与陇头人。江南无所有，聊赠一枝春」，那「一枝春」以花写春意，令人想到「聊赠一枝春」的赠花意象），那「买得一枝春欲放」写尽买花的娇艳与春意。「泪染轻匀，犹带彤霞晓露痕」写花如泪染——「泪染轻匀」写花瓣如泪染（那「泪染」写花瓣上的痕迹如泪痕，令人想到「晓妆泪痕」的美人意象与「梨花一枝春带雨」（白居易《长恨歌》）的带雨意象——杨妃泪如梨花带雨，李清照以「泪染轻匀」写花如带雨，令人想到「梨花带雨」的美人意象），「彤霞晓露痕」写彤霞（红霞）与晓露（清晨的露珠）（令人想到「朝霞」的意象与「露似真珠月似弓」（白居易《暮江吟》）的露珠意象），那「泪染轻匀，犹带彤霞晓露痕」写尽花的娇艳（花如泪染、如霞如露）。「怕郎猜道，奴面不如花面好」写怕郎猜——「怕郎猜道」写怕郎猜（「郎」写夫婿，令人想到「郎骑竹马来」的爱情意象与「陌上谁家年少足风流」的郎意象），「奴面不如花面好」写奴面（我面）不如花面（「奴」是女子自称，令人想到「奴为出来难」（李煜《菩萨蛮》）的奴字用法），那「怕郎猜道，奴面不如花面好」写尽新婚女子怕郎觉得花比自己美的小心思。「云鬓斜簪，徒要教郎比并看」写簪花比并——「云鬓斜簪」写把花斜簪在云鬓上（「云鬓」写鬓发如云，令人想到「云鬓花颜金步摇」（白居易《长恨歌》）的云鬓意象——杨妃的云鬓花颜，那「云鬓斜簪」写尽簪花的娇态，也暗含「人面桃花相映红」（崔护《题都城南庄》）的人花相映），「比并看」写并排比着看（那「比并」写比美，令人想到「人面桃花」的比美传统与「争如我解语花」的比美意象），那「徒要教郎比并看」写尽比并看花的娇憨。全词化用陆凯、白居易、崔护、陆游的意象与传统，以买花写爱情，正是李清照「以生活写爱情」的本领。

Commentary

This lyric has long been prized as Li Qingzhao's masterpiece of newlywed charm, and the source of two famous lines — I bought a sprig of spring about to bloom and I insist my lord compare us side by side. Critics note how purchase, wearing and comparison write the young wife's psychology: the fear is the little fear of one sure of love, and the insist the confidence of one who knows she will win. Its special place in literary history is that it writes love through buying flowers — the flower seller's pole, the bud about to bloom, the tear-stained petals, the flower pinned aslant in cloud-soft hair, and finally the demand to be compared: a domestic trifle rendered immortal. Read beside Dianjiangchun (shyly she slips away, glances back at the door, and sniffs the green plum), it shows the two faces of Li Qingzhao's art — the shyness of maidenhood and the playfulness of the young wife.

此词历来被推为李清照写新婚娇憨的名篇，也是「买得一枝春欲放」「徒要教郎比并看」等名句的出处。历代论者对此词评价较高：论者多指出此词以买花、簪花、比并看花写新婚的娇憨，以「怕郎猜道，奴面不如花面好」写新婚女子的心理，是李清照新婚时期的佳作。在文学史上，此词的特殊价值在于：它以买花写爱情写出了新婚的娇憨与自信——那「卖花担上，买得一枝春欲放」写尽了从卖花担上买花的市井风情与「一枝春」的娇艳；那「泪染轻匀，犹带彤霞晓露痕」写尽了花如泪染、如霞如露的娇艳；那「怕郎猜道，奴面不如花面好」写尽了新婚女子的小心思（怕郎觉得花比自己美）；而那「云鬓斜簪，徒要教郎比并看」更是千古名句——把花斜簪在云鬓上，偏要教郎比并着看，看是花美还是我美，那「徒要教郎比并看」写尽了新婚女子的娇憨与对爱情的自信——不是怕郎觉得花美，而是偏要比一比，正是「人面桃花相映红」的自信；那「徒要」二字，写尽娇憨中带着的娇纵与自信。词中「买得一枝春欲放」写买花，是名句；「云鬓斜簪，徒要教郎比并看」写比并看花，更是千古名句。此词与李清照的《点绛唇》（「和羞走，倚门回首，却把青梅嗅」）一样，都是写少女（新婚）娇憨的名篇，一写「倚门回首」的娇羞，一写「教郎比并看」的娇憨。对于今日读者，此词是理解李清照「新婚时期词风」与「以生活写爱情」手法的窗口，也是感受中国词「娇憨之趣」传统的典范——那卖花担上的一枝春、云鬓斜簪的花、教郎比并看的娇憨，穿越千年，仍在诉说着一个新婚女子对爱情的自信心与娇媚。

Prosody

Form Ci lyric to the tune Jianzi Mulanhua (Reduced-Character Magnolia): a double-stanza short tune of forty-four characters词（减字木兰花，双调四十四字）

Rhyme The upper stanza interlaces oblique and level rhymes — shang and fang (falling tone, yang group) with yun and hen (level tone, wen group); the lower stanza interlaces dao and hao (rising and falling tones, hao group) with zan and kan (level tone, han group). The oblique-level alternation gives a light, tripping music suited to playful charm.上片押仄声漾韵与平声文韵相间（上、放、匀、痕），下片押仄声皓韵与平声寒韵相间（道、好、簪、看），仄平相间，韵音婉转轻快，正合其写娇憨明快的风格。

Tone pattern Four- and seven-syllable phrases interlace (on a flower seller's pole is four syllables, I bought a sprig of spring about to bloom seven), and the oblique-level alternation quickens the pace: the upper stanza on buying the flower runs bright and quick, the lower stanza on the comparison buoyant with coquetry.此词为「减字木兰花」词牌，双调四十四字，上下片各两仄韵、两平韵，仄平相间，以短句的错落为抒情服务。全词按内容可分为两片：上片写买花（卖花担上、买得一枝春欲放、泪染轻匀、犹带彤霞晓露痕）；下片写比并看花（怕郎猜道、奴面不如花面好、云鬓斜簪、徒要教郎比并看）。声调上，全词以四七言的短句错落（「卖花担上」「云鬓斜簪」的四言与「买得一枝春欲放」的七言），仄平相间，韵音婉转轻快，正合其写娇憨明快的风格。

Reading note A double-stanza short tune whose clipped lines and alternating oblique-level rhymes serve the playful mood: the buying of the flower in the upper stanza should be read lightly and quickly, the comparison in the lower stanza with a teasing, confident lilt — especially the closing couplet, which must sound spoiled and sure at once, or the charm is lost.此词是「减字木兰花」双调小令，以短句的错落与仄平相间的韵脚写买花斗艳的娇憨，正是李清照「以词写生活」的本领。全词两片：上片写买花（卖花担上、买得一枝春欲放、泪染轻匀、犹带彤霞晓露痕），下片写比并看花（怕郎猜道、奴面不如花面好、云鬓斜簪、徒要教郎比并看）。声调上，全词以仄平相间的韵脚写声情的轻快，配合「买得一枝春欲放」的明快与「徒要教郎比并看」的娇纵，全篇音节轻快而不失娇媚。诵读此词，宜以轻快的语调读上片的买花，以娇憨的语调读下片的比并看花，尤其「云鬓斜簪，徒要教郎比并看」两句，要读得娇媚而自信，方能传达出李清照「以买花写爱情」的深意。李清照词以「婉约」著称，此词正是其「以生活写爱情」的经典。

Line by line

买得一枝春欲放。

I bought a sprig of spring about to bloom.

买得一枝含苞欲放的花。

I have bought a sprig of spring, just about to bloom.

这句是写买花的名句，以「一枝春欲放」写含苞欲放的花，娇艳而生动。「买得」写买来（那「买得」写从卖花担上买得），「一枝春欲放」写一枝含苞欲放的花，「一枝春」化用陆凯「聊赠一枝春」（那「一枝春」以花写春意，令人想到「折梅逢驿使，寄与陇头人。江南无所有，聊赠一枝春」），「欲放」写含苞欲放（那花苞欲放未放，正是最美的时刻），那「买得一枝春欲放」写尽买得的娇艳——那一枝含苞欲放的花，正是「一枝春」的娇艳。这句的深意在于：它以「一枝春欲放」写出了买花的娇艳——那「一枝春」以花写春意（一枝花，如一枝春），「欲放」写含苞欲放的娇态（那欲放未放的花苞，正是蓄势待发的美），那「买得一枝春欲放」写尽买得的娇艳；而更深一层，那「一枝春欲放」也暗含新婚的娇艳——那含苞欲放的花，正如新婚的李清照（娇艳欲放），那「欲放」的花与「新婚」的人相映，写尽新婚的娇艳；而这「买得一枝春欲放」，正是后文「怕郎猜道，奴面不如花面好」「徒要教郎比并看」的铺垫——买得这样娇艳的花，才有与郎比并的娇憨。以「一枝春」写春意、以「欲放」写娇态，正是李清照「以生活写爱情」的本领，也让这句成为写买花的名句。

This is the famous line of buying the flower, writing the flower about to bloom through the sprig of spring, fresh and vivid. I have bought writes the buying from the flower-seller's pole; a sprig of spring, just about to bloom borrows Lu Kai's I send a sprig of spring, the sprig of spring using the flower for the spring's meaning, calling to mind the breaking of the plum at the courier, sent to the man beyond the pass; the about to bloom writes the bud's readiness, the bud about to open not yet open, precisely the fairest hour. The deep meaning: the sprig of spring writes the buying's freshness — the sprig of spring the flower as a sprig of spring, the about to bloom the bud's charm, the bud about to open the beauty poised to burst; and the deeper layer, the sprig of spring about to bloom also carries the newlywed freshness — the bud about to open like the newly married Li Qingzhao, the about-to-bloom flower and the newlywed woman answering each other, exhausting the bridal charm; and this bought sprig of spring is the ground for the later fear my husband may guess my face is not as fair as the flower's, and I simply insist he compare us — with such a flower bought, thethe playfulness of the comparing arises. Writing the spring through the sprig, the charm through the about to bloom, precisely Li Qingzhao's way of writing love through life, and the famous line of buying the flower.

云鬓斜簪。

I pin it aslant in my cloud-soft hair.

把花斜簪在云鬓上。

I pin it aslant in my cloud-like hair.

这句是写簪花娇态的名句，以「云鬓斜簪」写人面花面相映的娇艳，生动而传神。「云鬓」写鬓发如云（令人想到「云鬓花颜金步摇」——杨妃的云鬓花颜），「斜簪」写斜斜地簪上（那「斜簪」写尽簪花的姿态——不是端正地簪，而是斜斜地簪，正是娇媚的姿态），那「云鬓斜簪」写尽人面与花面相映的娇艳——那花斜簪在云鬓上，正是「人面桃花相映红」的娇艳。这句的深意在于：它以「云鬓斜簪」写出了簪花的娇态——那「云鬓」写鬓发如云的柔美，「斜簪」写斜簪花朵的姿态（那斜斜地簪上，正是娇媚的姿态，比端正地簪更见娇态），那「云鬓斜簪」写尽人面花面相映的娇艳；而更深一层，那「云鬓斜簪」正是「徒要教郎比并看」的铺垫——把花斜簪在云鬓上，正是为了与郎比并着看（那花簪在鬓边，与面并排，才好让郎比一比）；那「斜簪」的姿态，正是一个新婚女子对花的喜爱与对美的自信——花簪在鬓边，人面与花面相映，正是「人面桃花相映红」的娇艳。以「云鬓」写柔美、以「斜簪」写娇态，正是李清照「以生活写爱情」的本领，也让这句成为写簪花娇态的名句。

This is the famous line of the flower-pinning charm, writing the face-and-flower answering through the cloud-like hair, vivid and telling. The cloud-like hair writes the temples like cloud, calling to mind cloud hair, flower face, the golden step-swing of Yang Guifei; the aslant pin writes the aslant wearing — the aslant exhausting the pose, not the upright pinning, but the aslant, precisely the coquettish pose. The deep meaning: the cloud hair and the aslant pin write the pinning charm — the cloud hair's softness, the aslant pin's pose, the aslant wearing the coquettish pose, more charming than the upright; and the deeper layer, the cloud hair and aslant pin are the ground for the simply insist he compare us — pinning the flower aslant in the cloud hair is precisely for the husband to compare, the flower at the temple, side by side with the face, ready for the husband to compare; the aslant pose is precisely a newlywed woman's love of the flower and confidence in beauty — the flower at the temple, face and flower answering, precisely the peach-blossom face red in the mirror. Writing softness through the cloud hair, charm through the aslant pin, precisely Li Qingzhao's way of writing love through life, and the famous line of the flower-pinning charm.

徒要教郎比并看。

I insist my lord compare us side by side.

偏要教郎比并着看。

I simply insist my husband compare us, side by side.

这句是全词的点睛之笔，也是千古名句，以「徒要教郎比并看」写比并看花的娇憨，娇媚而自信。「徒要」写偏要（那「徒要」写娇纵——不是请求，而是偏要），「教郎比并看」写教郎比并着看（那「比并看」写并排比着看——把花与人并排，让郎比一比），那「徒要教郎比并看」写尽比并看花的娇憨——偏要比一比，看是花美还是我美。这句的深意在于：它以「徒要教郎比并看」写出了新婚女子的娇憨与自信——那「徒要」的娇纵，写尽娇憨（不是请求，而是偏要）；那「比并看」的比美，写尽自信（把花与人并排，让郎比一比，看是花美还是我美）；而这句与「怕郎猜道，奴面不如花面好」呼应——先怕郎猜（奴面不如花面），再「徒要教郎比并看」（偏要比一比），正是「怕」与「徒要」的转折——从小心思到娇纵自信，写尽新婚女子的娇憨；而那「比并看」的比美，正是对爱情的自信——不是因为怕郎觉得花美，而是偏要比一比（徒要），那「徒要」二字写尽娇憨中的娇纵与自信——新婚的李清照，以花自比、以郎为鉴，写尽爱情的娇媚与自信。以「徒要」写娇纵、以「比并看」写比美，正是李清照「以生活写爱情」的本领，也让这句成为千古名句。

This is the telling stroke of the ci, the famous line through the ages, writing the comparing'sthe playfulness through the simply insist he compare us, coquettish and confident. The simply insist writes the wilfulness — not a request, but an insistence; he compare us writes the husband comparing side by side, the comparing the setting of flower and man side by side for the husband to judge. The deep meaning: the simply insist writes the newlywed woman'sthe playfulness and confidence — the simply insist's wilfulness exhausting thethe playfulness, the compare's beauty contest exhausting the confidence, the flower and the woman set side by side for the husband to judge, which is fairer, the flower or me; and the line echoes the fear my husband may guess my face is not as fair as the flower's — first the fear of the husband's guess, then the simply insist he compare us, precisely the turn from fear to wilful confidence, exhausting the newlywed woman'sthe playfulness; and the comparing's beauty contest is precisely the confidence in love — not because of fearing the husband thinks the flower fairer, but simply insisting on the contest, the two words simply insist exhausting the wilfulness and confidence within thethe playfulness — the newly married Li Qingzhao, comparing herself to the flower, taking the husband as the mirror, exhausting love's charm and confidence. Writing wilfulness through the simply insist, the beauty contest through the compare, precisely Li Qingzhao's way of writing love through life, and the famous line through the ages.

Study

Word focus

欲放 About to bloom: a bud on the verge of opening — the moment of fullest promise, lovelier than full bloom. It also carries spring's swelling and quietly mirrors the bride's own blossoming youth. 「欲放」二字是写花枝娇艳的关键字，以「欲放」写含苞欲放的娇态，生动而传神。欲放，含苞欲放、将要开放也。李清照以「买得一枝春欲放」写花枝，一个「欲放」，至少有双重意味：其一，写花苞之将放——「春欲放」写那花苞将要开放，「欲放」写含苞欲放——那花苞欲放未放，正是最美的时刻（将放未放，蓄势待发，比全开更美），那「欲放」写尽花苞的娇态；其二，写春意之将盛——「一枝春欲放」以「欲放」写春意——那「一枝春」正要开放，写尽春意的萌动（花欲放，正是春意将盛之时），那「欲放」写尽春意的生机。以「欲放」写花枝，正是李清照炼字的本领：那「欲放」二字，既是写花苞的将放（含苞欲放），也是写春意的萌动（一枝春欲放），更是写新婚的娇艳（那欲放的花，正如新婚的李清照——娇艳欲放）——那「欲放」把花苞的娇态与春意的生机、新婚的娇艳融为一体。若换作「初开」「将绽」等词，则或失其「欲放」的蓄势，或失其与「一枝春」的相映；唯「欲放」二字，以两字写尽花苞的将放与春意的萌动，也让「买得一枝春欲放」成为写买花的名句。

徒要 To insist, to be set on: tu conveys willful indulgence — not a request but a demand. The word turns the little fear of the line before into confident coquetry, the voice of one sure of her husband's love. 「徒要」二字是写娇憨的关键字，以「徒要」写偏要的娇纵，生动传神。徒要，偏要、只须、纵使也。李清照以「徒要教郎比并看」写比并看花，一个「徒要」，至少有双重意味：其一，写娇纵之娇憨——「徒要教郎比并看」写偏要教郎比并着看，「徒要」写偏要（那「徒要」写娇纵——不是请求，而是偏要），那「徒要」写尽新婚女子的娇纵——偏要教郎比一比，看是花美还是我美，那「徒要」写尽娇憨中的娇纵；其二，写自信之娇媚——「徒要」写对爱情的自信——那「徒要教郎比并看」的「徒要」，写尽对爱情（郎的爱）的自信——不是怕郎觉得花美（怕郎猜道），而是偏要比一比（徒要），那「徒要」写尽娇憨中的自信——正是因为自信郎爱自己，才敢「徒要教郎比并看」。以「徒要」写娇憨，正是李清照炼字的本领：一个「徒要」，既是写娇纵的娇憨（偏要比一比），也是写自信的娇媚（自信郎爱自己，才敢比并看），更是写新婚爱情的娇媚——那「徒要」二字，把「怕郎猜道」的小心思，一转而为「徒要教郎比并看」的娇纵，写尽新婚女子的娇憨与自信。若换作「偏要」「定要」等词，则或失其「徒要」的娇纵，或失其与「怕郎猜道」的转折；唯「徒要」二字，以两字写尽偏要的娇纵与爱情的自信，也让「徒要教郎比并看」成为千古名句。